When should you use a comma

You should use a comma after “e.g.” because it means “for example.”. That means that a list of objects will follow “e.g.,” and it is standard practice to include a comma before a list. However, “i.e.” does not need a comma after it, as it presents no list. It may help you to see the two words in action to explain what comes ...

When an adverb modifies an entire sentence (or independent clause that follows it), then you should use a comma after it. Example 1: Correct: Sadly, they didn't understand me. Incorrect: Sadly they didn't understand me. Example 2: Correct: Strangely, the book hasn't arrived. Incorrect: Strangely the book hasn't arrived. This rule is important. When you see a comma used, you know that the information following its placement is separate (albeit related) to the phrase or clause that preceded it. For example: We weren’t convinced there would be rain, and I made sure to watch the radar to avoid prematurely canceling the event. In this sentence, the comma ...Sep 30, 2022 · The answer depends on how you are using or. Always place a comma before or when it begins an independent clause, but if it begins a dependent clause, don’t. In a series (or list) of three or more items, you can use a comma before or, but this is a preference, not a rule. People often get muddled about whether to place a comma before ... The first thing to know is that there are generally only two correct options: two commas, one before and one after the name/title, or no commas at all. While a comma after the title may be correct on rare occasions (which don’t concern us here), a comma only before a name or title is wrong. If you learned in school that you should always put ...As a general rule, in British English (BrE), the convention is to place the comma after the closing quotation mark, but the comma comes before it in American English (AmE). That said, a comma after a quotation, be it before or after the closing quotation mark, is only necessary when the quotation is followed by an indirect or nonrestrictive ...When modifying a verb, you should put a comma before “then” at the end of a sentence, e.g. “I will go, then.”. You should put a comma before “then” in the middle of the sentence when “then” connects independent clauses, e.g. “If you want to go, then you should go.”. If you can’t already tell, “then” is a very versatile ...Aug 23, 2016 · In the main text of your written work, use a suffix that is an essential part of the name—like Jr. or a roman numeral—when you cite a person’s name in full. Do not place a comma before numbered suffixes: In a sentence, add a comma after Jr. or Sr. if words follow; the suffix is parenthetical: Sammy Davis, Jr., was a member of the Rat Pack. You can use either which or that to introduce a restrictive clause—the grounds for your choice should be stylistic—and which to introduce a nonrestrictive clause. Another way of looking at this is that if your clause is bracketed by commas (“the article on grammar, which I started while eating lunch , seemed to never end”) it is likely ...

In most circumstances, "because" is a subordinating conjunction, so when it starts a dependent clause after the main clause, it shouldn't be preceded by a comma. However, there are two exceptions to this rule: when the independent clause that comes before "because" contains a negative verb (e.g. don't, couldn't, wouldn't) when the independent ...When Should I Not Use A Comma After “Please? You do not need to place a comma after “please” in many cases. If it’s at the beginning of a sentence, a comma can be omitted to remove the direct emphasis of “please.”. If it’s in the middle of a sentence, it just means that “please” is used as a conjunction or verb.In English, you can use commas in numbers of four digits or longer (i.e., numbers above 999) after every third digit from the right. These “thousands separators” make it easier to read long numbers since we can see where the different groups of digits fall at a glance. Compare the following, for example: Their video got more than 50,000,000 ...Use a pair of commas in the middle of a sentence to set off transition words and phrases as well as clauses that are not essential to the meaning of the ...Mar 29, 2022 ... The answer is simple. You should use a comma if you are joining two independent clauses (separate ideas). Alan is a good singer, but ...A good way to remember how to properly use like or such as in a sentence is to remember that like is used in similes; it’s always used to compare something to something else. Such as can also be another way of saying including, since both can be used to list specific examples. At the end of the day, however, this is one writing rule that …Introductory bits (small-medium-large) Setting off introductory words, phrases, or clauses …The proper definition of the Oxford comma is “a comma used after the penultimate item in a list of three or more items, before ‘and’ or ‘or’.”. For example: “Today I went to lunch ...

If you're preparing for the exam, you're in the right place. Make sure to read our community rules first and take a look at the pinned posts. Also, posts older than …Use commas after introductory a) clauses, b) phrases, or c) words that come before the main clause. Use a pair of commas in the middle of a sentence to set off …The following rules cover most uses of the comma. Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example ...May 21, 2012 ... Whenever you find yourself using a comma before an Identification, Characterization or Explanation, remember that there has to be a comma after ...As Well As Comma. The phrase as well as creates one of those situations where you may have to make a judgment call about comma usage. As a general rule, you don’t need a comma before as well as . Here’s a tip: Commas can be tricky, but they don’t have to trip you up. Grammarly’s writing assistant can help you make sure …We don't usually need a comma before "if necessary", "when needed", etc. in the middle or at the end of a sentence. I will help you if needed. But use commas to add nonessential information or create a parenthetical feel in the middle or at the end of a sentence. Use disposable gloves, when required, before handling food.

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Like “including,” these phrases may introduce either a restrictive or a nonrestrictive clause. When they introduce an essential description necessary to the meaning of the sentence, the writer should not set the description apart with commas. On the other hand, if these phrases begin an inessential description, commas must be used. But using commas for 1000 and larger (except years) is not considered bad style. However, you should be consistent. For year numbers, commas should never be inserted, except possibly for years in the extremely distant future or past. This can be a useful tool for removing ambiguity: "2016 coins" versus "2,016 coins". Apr 10, 2023 · Don’t use a comma before “and” if it’s not connecting two independent clauses. It goes without saying that a single word can’t be a clause, let alone an independent clause. That means if “and” connects two single words, you can’t insert a comma in front of it. Examples. “My favorite animals are llamas and sheep.”. One common grammar mistake is incorrectly using commas around the common phrase “such as.”. This mistake is understandable, because “such as” sometimes needs a comma and sometimes doesn’t. For example, look at the two uses of the phrase in the above paragraph—one is correctly using commas, and one is correct without them. In fact ...Dec 9, 2018 ... This video reviews some of the situations in English writing in which a comma must be used. Note that this is merely an overview and there ...Adverbs are words that modify verbs or even whole sentences. They often end in "-ly". Examples include quickly, frequently, slowly.You can see that they add some information to a verb or the sentence that they are modifying. Some adverbs don't end "-ly", e.g. sometimes or often. When an adverb modifies an entire sentence …

Commas in Dates. When writing a date, a comma is used to separate the day from the month, and the date from the year. July 4, 1776, was an important day in American history. I was born on Sunday, May 12, 1968. But if you’re writing the date in day-month-year format, you don’t need a comma. The project will commence on 1 June 2018. The semicolon is the colon's quirkier sibling. While the colon is simply two dots stacked : the semicolon is a dot hovering over a comma ; The semicolon does jobs that are also done by other punctuation marks, but puts its own spin on the task. Like a comma, it can separate elements in a series. Like a period or colon, it often marks the end of ... The symbol “、” is called [読点] {とうてん}. It is used to denote a semantic separation or a pause. Compared to comma in English, the usage of 読点 in Japanese is less governed by the grammatical rules. In other words, in Japanese, the author is free to use or not to use 読点 in any place where a separation makes sense.Using Commas With Dates. When a date includes two or more parts, use a comma after each item. An exception to this rule is when you use a month followed by a day or a year. For Example: The assignment was due on Monday, April 26, and had to be turned in online. The class trip to Greece departs on November 16, 2023.Use a serial comma (also called an Oxford comma, Harvard comma, or series comma) between elements in a series of three or more items. Factors of personality include extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, agreeableness, and neuroticism. If one or more items in the series already contain a comma, use semicolons between …As long as a pronoun comes after “yet,” a comma should come before it. You may also find the comma comes before “and yet,” which is a variation of the standard “yet” term: I told you not to come here, and yet here you are. Conceptually, the comma works the same. You should place it before “and” rather than “yet” to …Feb 23, 2022 ... A comma can be used to join two or more independent clauses together. If we use a comma this way, we follow it with a coordinating conjunction ( ...Just to try to explain why option (1) is easier to read: The expression 'for example' is very often used postpositively, thus a sentence like. " (3) It is common practice to do recalibration between trials, for example." would be a natural thing to expect. Using the second comma as in option (2) sort of creates a 'garden path sentence', because ...Also on that wiki page you can find lots of links to certain style guides. Comma use is something of a grey area though, and everyone has his own style. Pick what reduces ambiguity. Language log has an interesting article on how reading comprehension can be improved with comma use, including this type.

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What is a comma? At the end of a sentence, you will find a full stop. This is an indication that the sentence is over. However, a comma will indicate that you should take a smaller break. And, might also be referred to as a soft pause. It can separate ideas within a sentence, clauses, and words. There are a few rules about how to …The above are standard if/then clauses. "If" is a subordinating conjunction introducing a subordinate clause, so it is separated from the main clause, the "then" clause, by an ensuing comma. Now I know that if you leave the "then" implied, that you still use a comma. Examples: If you lie, you're out. If you do it right, you can have a cookie.has no comma at all. (edit, so this isn't a terrible answer if you edit your question) In the case of greetings such as the ones you wrote in your question, yes, a comma is necessary. In some cases, though, such as the greeting "Dear John" at the beginning of a letter, there is no comma before the name, but rather after.Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, …Wrong. In business emails, the most formal way of ending a salutation is with a colon. So instead of “Dear Mrs. Johnson,” you should write “Dear Mrs. Johnson:” and then continue with the body of the message. In some cases, it might not be a faux pas to use a comma at the end of the salutation. You might write a …In today’s data-driven world, the ability to effectively analyze and visualize data is crucial for businesses and organizations. One common format used for storing and exchanging l...Write with Grammarly. There are several types of introductory phrases, including prepositional phrases and appositive phrases. Sometimes a comma is necessary after an introductory phrase. Other times, the comma is optional, and there are also times when a comma should not be used. It is …Insert a comma before contrast clauses. These clauses imply contrast and begin with words like although, though, whereas, while, and even if. (The slight pause lent by the comma emphasizes the contrast.) Examples. She speaks our language, although she is Martian. Maya likes tea, while Tumkin prefers coffee.

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And, never use a comma with any other subordinating conjunction other than because. When since is being used to replace the word because, only place a comma before it if the preceding clause is negated by the new clause. Since is a very versatile word that can be used in many ways. However, only some of its uses require a comma.Use commas to separate three or more items in a list. Keep in mind that items can be nouns, verbs, or adjectives. o I need to buy kiwis, coconuts, ...Rule – Use a comma to separate the city from the state, and always put one after the state, also. Example: I lived in Denver, Colorado, for 20 years. NOTE: The U.S. Postal Service’s two-letter capitalized abbreviations (e.g., CO for Colorado, IL for Illinois) are not recommended in formal writing. However, when writing an address on an ...In English, you can use commas in numbers of four digits or longer (i.e., numbers above 999) after every third digit from the right. These “thousands separators” make it easier to read long numbers since we can see where the different groups of digits fall at a glance. Compare the following, for example: Their video got more than 50,000,000 ...Comma rules confuse many writers, especially with words like then. Sometimes, a comma before or after then is necessary, but it depends on the situation. You should generally only use a comma before then when it connects two independent clauses or when it acts like an interjection. Only put a comma after then when it acts as …Jan 24, 2023 · For example, the Associated Press says not to use a comma before designations such as “Jr.” and “ Sr.” and specifically does not include a comma in the name “Martin Luther King Jr. Day.”. The Chicago Manual of Style says the comma is not required before “Jr.,” and also writes the holiday name without it. It’s still a style ... A comma signals a pause between parts of a sentence. When writing a list of three or more, the use of an Oxford comma before and is optional, but often recommended. They visited Portugal, Spain, and France. They visited Portugal, Spain and France. When and connects two independent clauses, a comma should be placed before it.This form of since does not need a comma. We can also use since as a subordinating conjunction to mean because. This is where the comma rule gets tricky. We only use a comma before since if the preceding clause is negated by the new clause. A good rule of thumb is if the preceding clause contains a negative verb, use a comma.When you don’t need a comma with “where”. In contrast, if the information in the relative clause that follows “where” is absolutely essential to the sentence, you should not place a comma in front of it. Examples: “I went to the library where I borrowed a book.”. “The astronaut landed on the moon of Saturn where she had parked ...The government will either increase the interest rate or keep it as is. The important rule to remember when it comes to correlative conjunctions is that you want to maintain parallelism between what comes after “either” and what comes after “or.”. In other words, if “either” is followed by a verb phrase, then “or” should also be ...When using a comma before “unfortunately,” you must always include a comma after. This turns it into something called a parenthetical element (using parentheses just like this). Sometimes, you might not include the comma directly after “unfortunately.”. In these cases, it’s because there’s more to add to the …Nov 29, 2023 ... Commas are like breaths in a conversation; they guide the reader through a sentence, indicating pauses and separating ideas for better clarity ... ….

The Basic Rule on Commas Before Conjunctions. If you’re looking for a general guideline, we recommend using a comma before coordinating conjunctions such as and, or, and but when they join two independent clauses. An independent clause is a group of words that include a subject and a verb and can stand alone as a complete thought.In some circumstances, you may use a comma before a conjunction such as "and" when it starts a dependent clause. This is when you are using the comma as an Oxford comma (sometimes known as a serial comma). The conjunction must split the third item of a list. e.g. I ate, slept, and dreamed of England. Read more about …Aug 12, 2022 · Updated on August 12, 2022 Grammar. Use a comma before which when it introduces a nonrestrictive phrase. Don’t use a comma before which when it’s part of a prepositional phrase, such as “in which.”. Don’t use a comma before which when it introduces an indirect question. Commas can be tricky, but they don’t have to trip you up. Clearly, it’s not possible to place one before it, so we can only look at what comes after. You should place a comma after “instead” when it’s used as an introductory remark. That means it comes at the beginning of a sentence. Without a sentence beforehand, “instead” can never start a new sentence. “Instead” introduces a new ...Mar 29, 2022 · The answer is simple. You should use a comma if you are joining two independent clauses (separate ideas). Alan is a good singer, but he’s a sensational guitarist. The jury debated for the whole afternoon, and they eventually came to a unanimous verdict. Do not use a comma if you aren’t joining independent clauses. The answer is simple. You should use a comma if you are joining two independent clauses (separate ideas). Alan is a good singer, but he’s a sensational guitarist. The jury debated for the whole afternoon, and they eventually came to a unanimous verdict. Do not use a comma if you aren’t joining …Common uses of colons. 1. To announce, introduce, or direct attention to a list, a noun or noun phrase, a quotation, or an example/explanation. You can use a colon to draw attention to many things in your writing. The categories listed below often overlap, so don’t worry too much about whether your intended use of the colon …A general rule of thumb for comma before with. A good rule to follow is to ask yourself “Is the phrase after “with” describing the word before “with”. Here, we don’t add the comma because we are describing his friend. It’s his friend who has the broken leg, not Blake. “Blake helped his friend, with a broken leg”.And, never use a comma with any other subordinating conjunction other than because. When since is being used to replace the word because, only place a comma before it if the preceding clause is negated by the new clause. Since is a very versatile word that can be used in many ways. However, only some of its uses require a comma. When should you use a comma, [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1]